ootb_mblt() was updated and results from this version will be different to
those from previous version. ## New featurescalc_co() provides canopy openness calculation for hemispherical images.correct_vignetting() to correct the vignetting effect and doing so
standardize radiometry.crop_caim() allows cropping after reading, complementing read_caim().crosscalibrate_lens() allows geometrical cross-calibration.extract_radiometry() helps to built a function to correct the vignetting
effect with correct_vignetting().extract_sky_points_simple() to obtain sky points without the need of a
working binarized image.fisheye_to_equidistant() is now able to interpolate. It gains the m
argument. ## Minor improvements and fixescalc_zenith_colrow() is former calc_zenith_raster_coord().calibrate_lens gains a more extensive output.extract_rl() default values were changed.extrac_sky_points(). Now, dist_to_plan works as intended.find_sky_pixels_nonnull() gains intercept and w.fit_cie_sky_model() output was simplified, it does not return a raster
anymore. It has to be calculated from the model with cie_sky_model_raster().interpolate_sky_points() changes g for r. This acknowledge a change made
in the code but not reflected in the arguments or documentation. The change was
to approximate the function as much as possible to the Lang et al. (2010) method
in which this function was based.extract_sky_points() due to a change on the behavior of
large data.frame naming.ootb_obia() gains w_red.ootb_sky_reconstruction() was updated.row_col_from_zenith_azimuth() and zenith_azimuth_from_row_col() now uses
different arguments because they were reprogrammed to overcome limitations in
azimuth angle computations and unintentional side effects.thr_mblt() is former thr_image().ootb_obia() gains gammaootb_mblt() now can detect when find_sky_pixels() fails to deliver a good
mask, and switch to find a mask by applying a global threshold calculated with
IsoData.This last method will works well since the failure of
find_sky_pixels() is associated with extremely open forest, in which
circumstances it will not produce comission errors. # rcaiman 1.0.7 ## Breaking
changeslocal_fuzzy_thresholding() was fixed. This affected the main
function enhance_caim() since it internally uses local_fuzzy_thresholding().
If possible, results from scripts using local_fuzzy_thresholding() or
enhace_caim() should be recalculated with this new version. ## New featuresazimuth_image() gains rotation, which allows processing images
with the top oriented to any known azimuth angle. Previously, by default it
assumed that the top was oriented to the north.chessboard() provides chessboard segmentation.cie_sky_model_raster() produces CIE sky images of any resolution from
custom parameterized CIE sky models. The CIE sky model implementation is based
on Pascal code by Mait Lang.colorfulness() provides a method to quantify image colorfulness.deffuzify() is an alternative to apply_thr() for turning fuzzy
classification into Boolean.extract_dn() facilitates the extraction of digital numbers from canopy
photographs. The extraction is based on raster coordinates obtained
automatically with extract_sky_points() or manually with third-party software.extract_rl() facilitates the extraction of relative luminance from
hemispherical photographs. This function uses objects from
extract_sky_points() and returns objects essential to fit_cie_sky_model().extract_sky_points() to automatically extract sky points from canopy
photographs.extract_sun_coord() to automatically extract sun coordinates from canopy
photographs. Objects returned by this function are essential to
fit_cie_sky_model().find_sky_pixels_nonnull_criteria() offers a method for fine-tuning
working binarized images, which are the input of many functions, such as
extract_sky_points() and extract_sun_coord(). The method is based on the
assumption that the threshold can be tuned as long as no new cells with zero
gaps are obtained (the so-called null cells).fisheye_to_pano() provides a method to reproject from hemispherical to
cylindrical.fit_cie_sky_model() uses maximum likelihood to estimate the coefficients
of the CIE sky model that best fit to data sampled from a canopy photograph.
Then, those coefficients can be used to produce and image with
cie_sky_model_raster().fit_coneshaped_model() now works with the point-like data objects returned
by extract_rl() and returns a function that can easily produce a raster when
SpatRaster objects are provided as arguments. As a result, the function is
faster and more versatile.
r <- read_caim() z <- zenith_image(ncol(r), lens("Nikon_FCE9")) a <- azimuth_image(z) g <- sky_grid_segmentation(z, a, 10) bin <- find_sky_pixels(r, z, a) sky_points <- extract_sky_points(r, bin, g) sky_points <- extract_rl(r, z, a, sky_points, NULL) model <- fit_coneshaped_model(sky_points$sky_points) model$fun(60, 10) model$fun(z, a)
* New `interpolate_sky_points()` provides a method to produce raster images from
point-like data, such as the objects returned by `extract_dn()` or
`extract_rl()`.
* New `Mask_sunlit_canopy()` is a wrapper function around
`membership_to_color()` that facilitates masking sunlit canopy.
* New `obia()` is a revised version of the object-based image analysis presented
in <doi:10.1109/lgrs.2015.2425931>.
* New `ootb_obia()` is a revised version of the full workflow presented in
<doi:10.1109/lgrs.2015.2425931>, which includes `enhance_caim()` and `obia()`.
* New `ootb_sky_reconstruction()` provides an easy to use function that will
build an above canopy image from a single below canopy image, by means of
`fit_cie_sky_model()` and `interpolate_sky_points()`.
* New `polar_qtree()` provides quad-tree segmentation in the polar space.
* New `qtree()` provides classical quad-tree segmentation
* New `thr_isodata()` is an alternative implementation of the IsoData method
from the autothresholdr package. ## Minor improvements and fixes
* Examples of restricted view photography were added, broadening the scope of
the package since most new users search for code templates on the examples in
order to get started.
* Now `apply_thr()` turns NA values from `r` to 0. This allows to quickly
produce binarized images without NA values.
* `calc_zenith_raster_coord()` is former `calc_zenith_raster_coordinates()`.
* `enhance_caim()` gains `thr` and `fuzziness`, and default values for
all arguments except `caim`. This makes the functions easier for new users and
more flexible for advanced users.
* `expand_noncircular()` now produces the expected output when `zenith_colrow`
is far from the image center, not only when it is close to it.
* `extract_feature()` gains `ignore_label_0` since it cannot handle NA values as
expected after changing dependency from *raster* to *terra*.
* `find_sky_pixels()` now uses sample size percentage.
* `fisheye_to_equidistant()` is former `reproject_to_equidistant()`. Now the
resolution of the output is 1, and the extension is derived from `radius`.
Previously, and incorrectly, the resolution was different from 1 since while the
dimension was computed from `radius`, as it should, the extension was taken from
`z`.
* `fix_reconstructed_sky()` is former `fix_predicted_sky()`.
* `normalize()` gains `force_range` and defaults values for `mn` and `mx`.
* `ootb_mblt()` now uses `find_sky_pixels_nonnull_criteria()` and gains two
arguments, `bin` and `fix_sky_cs`, which allows quick customization.
* `read_caim()` now is allowed to read any raster image that `terra::raster()`
can read. Of course, the georeferencing is turned off by assigning a local
projection and manipulating extension and resolution, as usual.
```R
f <- system.file("ex/elev.tif", package="terra")
read_caim(f)
terra::rast(f)
regional_thresholding(), method gains the thr_isodata method.rings_segmentation(), sectors_segmentation(), and sky_grid_segmentation()
return 0 outside the circular image instead of NA.